DI 23022.605:
Corticobasal Degeneration
Effective Dates: 06/16/2017 - Present- Effective Dates: 03/28/2018 - Present
TN 6 (12-11)- TN 16 (03-18)
- DI 23022.605 Corticobasal Degeneration
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- CORTICOBASAL DEGENERATION
- ALTERNATE NAMES
- CBD; Cortical-Basal Ganglionic Degeneration; Cortico-Basal Ganglionic Degeneration; CBGD
- DESCRIPTION
- Corticobasal Degeneration (CBD) is a rare progressive neurological disorder characterized by the degeneration of parts of the brain, including the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. The cerebral cortex is responsible for most of the brain's processing of information and the basal ganglia are deep brain structures that help start and control movement. In general, symptoms of CBD begin around age 60, and frequently affect one side of the body (unilateral). As the disease progresses, both sides of the body are affected. The signs and symptoms of CBD are similar to Parkinson’s disease. The symptoms include poor coordination, painful spasms, akinesia (absence of movement), rigidity, poor balance, unnatural posturing of the muscles (dystonia), cognitive impairment, visual spatial impairment, speech impairment (hesitating or halting speech), muscular jerks (myoclonus), and difficulty swallowing (dysphagia). These symptoms develop and worsen over time. A person with CBD eventually becomes unable to walk.
- DIAGNOSTIC TESTING, PHYSICAL FINDINGS, AND ICD-9-CM CODING
- The diagnosis of CBD is based on neurological examination and clinical assessment since there is no specific test for the disease.
- Neuroimaging either computerized tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans demonstrating atrophy of the frontal and temporal lobes provide supporting evidence of the diagnosis. Single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) studies of the brain showing perfusion levels within the brain or positron emission tomography (PET) scans are also used in the diagnosis of CBD.
- ICD-9: 333.0
- ONSET AND PROGRESSION
- People diagnosed with CBD experience gradual decline in motor and cognitive functioning, with some people eventually loosing the ability to walk. The most significant impairments of CBD are those of rigidity, limb dystonia, and gait and balance disturbances. The average survival time after diagnosis of CBD is approximately 8 years after diagnosis. Death is generally caused by pneumonia or other complications of severe debility such as sepsis (bacterial infection) or pulmonary embolism.
- TREATMENT
- Currently there is no treatment to slow the progression of CBD. Treatment centers on the management of symptoms. However, drugs used to treat the symptoms of this disease do not produce any significant or sustained improvement.
- Management of treatment may include:
- * Clonazepam. Used for the treatment of muscle jerks and painful spasms;
- * Baclofen. Used for the treatment of rigidity;
- * Physical therapy exercises used to maintain range of motion of stiff joints and to prevent contracture (muscle shortening).
- * Occupational therapy used to support activities of daily living.
- * Speech therapy used to improve articulation and volume.
- * Ambulatory aides such as canes, walkers, and wheelchairs have been prescribed for difficulties with movement and balance.
Suggested MER for Evaluation:* Clinical information documenting progression of neurological and cognitive decline. The preferable source of this information is the clinical records from the claimant’s medical source(s).* Activities of daily living report or a similar report completed by a family member or caregiver is needed to document ability to perform daily functioning independently.* Mental status or neuropsychological tests measuring cognitive changes.* Speech and language assessments to assess the ability to speak and understand speech.* Imaging studies of the brain such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computerized tomography (CT scan), positron emission tomography (PET scan), or single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT).Suggested Listings for Evaluation:DETERMINATION LISTING REMARKSMeets Listing11.0611.1712.02 Medical Equals - * Adjudicators may, at their discretion, use the Medical Evidence of Record or Listings suggested to evaluate the claim. However, the decision to allow or deny the claim rests with the adjudicator.
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